Student Article

The winter solstice, marking the shortest day of the year, is celebrated in various ways across different cultures. Here are six traditional midwinter celebrations that highlight the cultural richness of this astronomical event:

Roman Pagans: They celebrated the winter solstice on December 25th, welcoming the longer daylight hours ahead. They believed the Sun was a deity and performed rituals to beckon its return. Bolivia: The southern hemisphere has its winter solstice in June, not December.On June 21st, Bolivians celebrate Willkakuti, meaning "return of the Sun." The Amayran people gather at the ruins of Tiwanaku to greet the dawn. India: In January, the festivals of Lohri and Makar Sankranti mark the transition from winter to spring. These celebrations involve bonfires, kite-flying, and welcoming the Sun's movement into Capricorn. Peru: On June 24th, Peruvians celebrate Inti Raymi, named after the Incan Sun god. The festival features colorful dances, parades, and a re-enactment of ancient rituals. Portugal: The Entrudo Carnival, dating back to the 13th Century, involves costumes, mischief, and throwing water and flour. It marks the entry into Lent. UK: The Burning the Clocks Festival in Brighton, established in 1994, features a parade with paper lanterns and a bonfire on the beach. It symbolizes the end of the solar year. These celebrations reflect the diverse ways in which cultures honor the winter solstice, blending ancient traditions with modern festivities.