Student Article

In 1919, Bessie Coleman was working as a manicurist in Chicago when she decided to become a pilot. Inspired by stories of daring World War I pilots and thrilling air shows, she dreamed of flying. But Bessie faced big obstacles — she was both African American and a woman. At the time, most flight schools in the U.S. refused to accept her.

A tough childhood that fueled her determination

Bessie was born in 1892 in Texas. Her family was very poor, and she worked hard growing up — picking cotton and walking long distances to attend a small school. She only managed to go to college for one semester. When her brother teased her by saying French women could fly planes but Black women couldn’t, Bessie became determined to prove him wrong.

Learning to fly in France and breaking barriers

Bessie found support from a Black newspaper and began teaching herself French. In 1920, she traveled to France to attend flight school. After months of training, often in dangerous conditions, she earned her pilot’s license in 1921. She became the first Black and Native American woman in the world to achieve this.

Aviation legend “Queen Bess” takes to the skies

Bessie returned to the U.S. and amazed audiences with aerial stunts like loops, spins, and even walking on airplane wings. People called her “Queen Bess.” But she wasn’t just an entertainer. She spoke out against racism, refused to perform at segregated events, and hoped to start a flight school for Black students.

A tragic loss but a lasting legacy

Tragically, Bessie died in a plane accident in 1926 at just 34 years old. Her bravery and dedication opened doors for others and made her a legend in aviation history.

© Jonny Wilkes / www.historyextra.com